In ultrasound imaging, the transducer plays a central role in transmitting and receiving sound waves. The choice of transducer type, based on the anatomical area being examined, tissue depth, and the intended application (diagnostic or interventional), significantly impacts image quality. Below, you will find an introduction to the most common types of ultrasound probes and their applications:
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1. Linear Probe
• Frequency: High
• Image Characteristics Linear Probe
• Frequency: High
• Image Characteristics: High resolution at shallow depths
• Applications:
Superficial ultrasound (e.g., thyroid, breast, musculoskeletal)
Evaluation of superficial vessels (such as carotid artery or limb veins)
Ultrasound-guided injections
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2. Curvilinear (Convex) Probe
• Frequency: Low to medium • Frequency: Medium
• Image Characteristics: Curvilinear (Convex) Probe
• Frequency: Medium
• Image Characteristics: Good deep penetration with a wide field of view
• Applications:
Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound
Evaluation of kidneys, liver, bladder, and uterus
Assessment of organs in emergency settings (FAST exam)
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3. Phased Array Probe
Frequenc: Low
• Image Characteristics: Phased Array Probe
• Frequency: Low
• Image Characteristics: Very high penetration with a narrow imaging angle
• Applications:
Cardiac ultrasound (echocardiography)
Imaging through intercostal spaces
Examination of deep structures such as the aorta
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4. Endocavitary Probe
• Types: • Types: Endovaginal, Endorectal
• Image Characteristics: • Image Characteristics: Very high resolution at shallow depths
• Applications:
Gynecological ultrasound (vaginal examination of uterus and ovaries)
Prostate evaluation via the rectum
Follicle monitoring and early pregnancy assessment
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5. Microconvex Probe
• Frequency: Medium
• Image Characteristics: Frequency: Medium to high
• Image Characteristics: Suitable for confined spaces with medium depth penetration
• Applications:
Pediatric and neonatal ultrasound
Cranial ultrasound through the fontanelle in infants
Specialized veterinary applications
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Important Points in Choosing an Ultrasound Probe:
• Select the probe based on the target area, patient condition, and type of examination.
• Adhere strictly to hygiene protocols when using endocavitary probes (internal probes).
