زمان مطالعه: 15 دقیقهUnderstanding the Layers of the Face To gain a comprehensive understanding of the anatomy of the head, face, jaw, and neck, it is essential to first become familiar with the various systems located within these regions. This process begins with an understanding of the facial layers.As illustrated in Figure 1, the first layer of the […]
زمان مطالعه: 7 دقیقهSkin Anatomy The skin is the largest sensory organ of the body, covering approximately 1.7 square meters and accounting for nearly 10% of an individual’s total body weight. The skin is a living organ. Its outermost layer consists of both living and dead cells, with about 30,000 of these cells shedding every minute in each
زمان مطالعه: 5 دقیقهHair Anatomy Hair is actually a part of the skin—one of its appendages—which appears as a thin, thread-like projection emerging from the scalp. As mentioned earlier, the skin is made up of different layers. The outermost layer is the epidermis, and the middle layer is called the dermis. Throughout the skin, the epidermis invaginates into
زمان مطالعه: 2 دقیقهChemically, hyaluronic acid is classified as a glycosaminoglycan. It is known as a long linear polymer chain composed of repeating disaccharide units. These disaccharide units consist of alternating molecules of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. These disaccharide units consist of alternating molecules of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, which are linked together by glycosidic and hydrogen bonds.
